学中文

汉语中的变调规则 Tone Sandhi Rules in Chinese
(Learn Mandarin Tone Changes)

1. 汉字“一”的变调 1. The tone sandhi of the Chinese character “一”

规则#1：当单念或在词组末尾时，“一”字念原调(第1声)。 Rule #1: When pronounced alone or at the end of a phrase, “一” is pronounced in the original tone (first tone).
例词：一；第一；专一。 yī, èr, sān; dì yī; zhuān yī. Examples: one; first; concentrated.

规则#2：在第4声的汉字前，“一”字变为第2声。 Rule #2: Before the Chinese character in the 4th tone, the character “一” becomes the 2nd tone.
例词：一定；一次。 yí dìng; yí cì. Examples: certainly; once.

1.AA式： , 1. AA type:
tiān tiān , 天天 , every day
kàn kan , 看看 , have a look
yàng yàng , 样样 , everything
mā ma , 妈妈 , mother

2.AAB式： , 2. AAB type:
Máo mao yǔ , 毛毛雨 , drizzling
xǐ xǐ shǒu , 洗洗手 , wash hands
hóng hóng de , 红红的 , red

3.ABB式： , 3. ABB style:
yǎn bā bā , 眼巴巴 , eagerly
shuǐ wāng wāng , 水汪汪 , watery
jìng qiāo qiāo , 静悄悄 , quietly

修饰词（形容词/名词/代词/动词）+ “的” + 名词 , Description (adjective/noun/pronoun/verb) + “的” + Noun

• míng liàng de jiào shì , 明亮的教室 , Bright Classroom
• zhōng guó de cháng chéng , 中国的长城 , The Great Wall of China
• wǒ de shū , 我的书 , My Book
• kàn de diàn yǐng , 看的电影 , Movies to Watch

修饰词（形容词）+ “地” + 动词 , Description (adjective) + “地” + Verb

• qīng qīng de zǒu , 轻轻地走 , Walk Gently
• tōu tōu de xiào , 偷偷地笑 , Laugh Secretly

zhōng wén chéng dù fù cí , 中文程度副词 , Adverb of Degree in Chinese
zuì hǎo , 最好 , best , 十分好, 非常好, 特别好, 格外好
jiào hǎo , 较好 , better , 比较好, 很好, 相当好
hǎo , 好 , good , 挺好, 不错
yī bān , 一般 , general , 一般般

bù tài hǎo , 不太好 , not too good
bù hǎo , 不好 , not good , 差
jiào bù hǎo , 较不好 , worse , 较差
zuì bù hǎo , 最不好 , worst , 最差

程度副词，是对一个形容词或者副词在程度上加以限定或修饰的副词。 一般位置在被修饰的形容词或者副词之前。（用汉语举例：很，非常，相当， 一点， 明显地……等等。至于语气和感觉是由它们后面的词决定的， 程度副词只是说明它的程度）

汉语缩合词 Shortened Forms in Chinese

缩合词是由表示事物的全称短语(词组)缩减成几个语素,再按原来的次序组合成的词。缩合词也叫简称，因而也有人把这种构词方法称为简称构词法。缩合词在新闻报道中用得很普遍。
Condensed words are words that are reduced to several morphemes from the universal phrase (phrase) that expresses things, and then combined in the original order. Acronyms are also called abbreviations, so some people call this word formation method abbreviated word formation. Acronyms are commonly used in news reports.

1. 并列几个全称名词中的修饰成分再加上中心成分 1. Parallel the modifiers in several full nouns plus the central component
例词： Example words:
工农业——工业、农业 gōng nóng yè——gōng yè, nóng yè。 Industry and Agriculture——Industry, Agriculture
中老年——中年、老年 zhōng lǎo nián——zhōng nián, lǎo nián。 Middle-aged and Ederly——Middle-aged, Elderly