三点水

大幅暴涨是指证券市场的价格指数或期货市场的合约价格在较短的时间内出现超常急速上涨的一种状况。相反，暴跌会引起股灾，而股灾是指股市中大部份股票价格无预兆的大幅下跌。

A sharp rise refers to a situation in which the price index of the securities market or the contract price of the futures market rises extremely rapidly in a short period of time. On the contrary, a sharp drop will cause a stock market crash, which refers to a sharp drop in the prices of most stocks in the stock market without warning.

潜规则是指看不见的、明文没有规定的，约定俗成的，无局限性，却又是广泛认同、实际起作用的，人们必须“遵循”的一种规则，相对于“元规则” 、“明规则”而言的。

Implicit rules refer to invisible, unwritten, customary, unlimited, but widely recognized and effective rules that people must “follow”, as opposed to “meta-rules” and “explicit rules”.