学说蔬菜 [xué shuō shū cài] Learn to Say Vegetables in Chinese
黄瓜 [huáng guā] cucumber
黄瓜可以生吃。Cucumbers can be eaten raw.
土豆 [tǔ dòu] n. potato
你给大家分一下土豆好吗？Can you dish out the potatoes, please?
茄子 [qié zi] n. eggplant
他喜欢吃茄子。He likes to eat eggplant.
生菜 [shēng cài] n. lettuce
这棵生菜不错。This is a nice head of lettuce.
句型一般指单句句型。Sentence patterns generally refer to single sentence patterns.
句型是根据句子的结构（句法成分的配置格局）对不同的单句进行分类，从而划分出的类型。Sentence pattern is the classification of different single sentences according to the structure of the sentence (the configuration pattern of the syntactic components), and thus the types are divided.
句型分为主谓句和非主谓句两大类：
中文词语分类 zhōng wén cí yǔ fēn lèi
①实词（有实际意义的词） ① shí cí (yǒu shí jì yì yì de cí)
点菜和结帐(diǎn cài hé jié zhàng) Ordering Dishes & Paying the Bill
(1) 你们吃什么(nǐ men chī shén me)？ What would you like to eat?
(2) 有西兰花吗(yǒu xī lán huā ma)？ Do you have broccoli?
(3) 这里面是什么(zhè lǐ miàn shì shén me)？ What’s inside?
(4) 要这个(yào zhè ge)。 I want this (one).
(5) 要两瓶啤酒(yào liǎng píng pí jiǔ)，三碗米饭(sān wǎn mǐ fàn)。 I would like two bottles of beer and three bowls of rice.
(6) 米饭跟菜一起上(mǐ fàn gēn cài yì qǐ shàng)。I would like to have the dishes served along with the rice.
问候和自我介绍 (wèn hòu hé zì wǒ jiè shào) Greetings and Self-introduction
(1) 你好(nǐ hǎo)！ Hello!
(2) 我叫桑德兰(wǒ jiào sāng dé lán)。 My name is Sandra.
(3) 你是哪国人(nǐ shì nǎ guó rén)？ What’s your nationality?
(4) 我是奥地利人(wǒ shì ào dì lì rén)。 I am Austrian.
(5) 我不是大学生(wǒ bú shì dà xué shēng)。I am not a university student.
(6) 我不会说汉语(wǒ bú huì shuō hàn yǔ)。I don’t speak Chinese.
(7) 我会说英语(wǒ huì shuō yīng yǔ)。 I can speak English.
(8) 我喜欢吃中国菜(wǒ xǐ huān chī zhōng guó cài)。I like Chinese food.