质量检验，简称“质检”，亦称“技术检验”。采用一定检验测试手段和检查方法测定产品的质量特性，并把测定结果同规定的质量标准作比较，从而对产品或一批产品作出合格或不合格判断的质量管理方法。其目的在于，保证不合格的原材料不投产，不合格的零件不转下工序，不合格的产品不出厂；并收集和积累反映质量状况的数据资料，为测定和分析工序能力，监督工艺过程，改进质量提供信息。
Quality inspection, referred to as “quality inspection”, is also called “technical inspection”. It is a quality management method that uses certain inspection and testing means and inspection methods to determine the quality characteristics of products, and compares the results with the specified quality standards, so as to make qualified or unqualified judgments on products or batches of products.
Its purpose is to ensure that unqualified raw materials are not put into production, unqualified parts are not transferred to the next process, and unqualified products are not shipped; and to collect and accumulate data reflecting the quality status to provide information for determining and analyzing process capabilities, supervising process, and improving quality.
把关是质量检验最基本的职能，也可称为质量保证职能。这一职能是质量检验出现时就已经存在的，即使是生产自动化高度发展的将来，检验的手段和技术有所发展和变化，质量检验的把关作用，仍然是不可缺少的。企业的生产是一个复杂的过程，人、机、料、法、环（4M1E）等诸要素，都可能使生产状态发生变化，各个工序不可能处于绝对的稳定状态，质量特性的波动是客观存在的，要求每个工序都保证生产100%的合格品，实际上是不可能的。因此，通过检验实行把关职能，是完全必要的。随着生产技术的不断提高和管理工作的完善化，可以减少检验的工作量，但检验仍然必不可少。只有通过检验，实行严格把关，做到不合格的原材料不投产，不合格的半成品不转序，不合格的零部件不组装，不合格的产品不出厂，才能真正保证产品的质量。
Checking is the most basic function of quality inspection, which can also be called quality assurance function. This function has existed since the emergence of quality inspection. Even in the future when production automation is highly developed, the means and technologies of inspection have developed and changed, and the checking role of quality inspection is still indispensable. The production of an enterprise is a complex process. Factors such as people, machines, materials, methods, and environment (4M1E) may cause changes in the production status. It is impossible for each process to be in an absolutely stable state. The fluctuation of quality characteristics is objective. It is actually impossible to require each process to guarantee the production of 100% qualified products. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to implement the control function through inspection. With the continuous improvement of production technology and the perfection of management work, the workload of inspection can be reduced, but inspection is still indispensable. Only through inspection and strict control, can we ensure that unqualified raw materials are not put into production, unqualified semi-finished products are not transferred, unqualified parts are not assembled, and unqualified products are not shipped out, so as to truly ensure the quality of products.